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SMART CLOTHING: THE NEXT WAVE OF WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY

Written by Brooks Canavesi on . Posted in Blog, Technology trends

It seems that we have finally reached the point where wearable device manufacturers are able to look beyond the fitness industry and start coming up with interesting ideas for the next wave of wearable technology that would be equally useful for those who spend most of their days in business attire and even improve the overall accuracy of measurements.

Chris Harrison, an assistant professor of human-computer interaction who leads the Future Interfaces Group at Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA) explains that “You can make millions of smart watches that are identical, but you have millions of people who are not identical.” The individual variations in the thickness of our wrists, the amount of fat we store in the area, or even how much we sweat can profoundly influence the accuracy of measurements. Furthermore, wrists are exposed to plenty of abuse throughout the day, making them even less suitable as the place for an expensive, high-end gadget.

OMSignal, Hexo Skin, Samsung, Google, and Under Armour have introduced smart clothes that abandon wrists in favor of less conspicuous body parts. OMbra by OMsignal uses a cutting-edge biometric fabric and integrated sensors to measure user’s heart rate, balance, breathing, stamina levels, distance traveled, calories burned, and plenty more. A similar product aimed at men is called Enflux. Instead of just a sports bra, Enflux Exercise Clothing consists of “a compression shirt and pants with ten small embedded motion sensors,” according to the Kickstarter campaign. Because the suit can capture all body parts at once, athletes can replay their performance using 3D animations with useful metrics, which include the precise angle and velocity of the body parts. Other highly similar fitness-oriented products include the MyZone Sports Bra, the Lumo Run shorts, the LikeAGlove leggings, the Athos shirt and shorts, or the sports bra from Victoria’s Secret.

This new wave of smart fitness products is powered by several innovative technologies, which “allow for the ‘detection, transmission and protection of electrical signals’ within smart clothing,” explains General Manager of Noble Biomaterials, Bennett Fisher, who added that “Once the sensor is inside the clothing, what you’re wearing becomes a sensor.” A similar technology was presented during Google I/O 2015 by the founder of Google Project Jacquard, Ivan Poupyrev. In their own words, the technology makes it possible to weave touch and gesture interactivity into any textile using standard, industrial looms. That means that everyday objects such as clothes and furniture can be transformed into interactive surfaces. They achieve this by intertwining a conductive metal core with conventional fibers that can be dyed any color. Unsurprisingly, some of the biggest clothes manufacturers in the world, including Levi’s, are already exploring way how they could use this technology to create something their customers would love.

The current selection of everyday smart clothes revolves mostly around the NFC technology. A great example is a smart suit from Samsung. It was built in collaboration with Rogatis. Those who are willing to spend around $500 on it can enjoy the ability to unlock their phone, or digitally swap business cards. The Lyle & Scott contactless jacket throws in a contactless payment chip found in credit cards to make contactless payments even more convenient.

So, how long it could take to see the technology used outside of the fitness industry? Quite a long time, actually. “Building these products [health-oriented smart devices] takes lots of time. Testing, simulations, modeling, prototyping, and problem-solving are all more extensive when you need to make sure the devices can stand up to the requirements of daily wear, such as frequent exposure to sweat and water”, explains Rachel Metz in her article for Technology Review.

That being said, the competition to be the first to dominate the market is fierce. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland has developed a promising technology that allows smart clothes or adjusts the temperature based on wearer’s individual needs. Such technology has a lot of potential for the health care industry, police officers, firemen, outdoor workers, and even small babies, who already are the target audience for products such as Exmobaby, Owlet Baby Care, and MonBaby from MonDevices.

The first mentioned is like a baby monitor on steroids. This smart garment can tell whether the baby is sleeping, check the vital signs, and keep the parents up to date with its Wi-Fi and 3G wireless capability. The other two products follow a very similar formula, each with its own distinct set of features and overall value propositions.

With all these innovations taking place all around us, it’s easy to see how the future of smart clothing is going to look like: it’s going to be more practical, less fitness-oriented, and infinitely more embraced by customers of all walks of life.

Fitness Trackers: A Way to Good Health or a Big Privacy Threat

Written by Brooks Canavesi on . Posted in Blog, Mobile App Development, Technology trends

Since their first appearance on the consumer market, people from all around the world have fallen in love with fitness trackers. Data from Statistica reveal that there were more than 13 million sold in the United States in just the last two years. These devices are great at keeping people motivated to adhere to healthy exercise habits, monitor their daily caloric intake, or watch out for dangerously high stress levels. But many security experts and technology analysts are unsure whether they are equally great at protecting all the associated private data.

A typical fitness tracker (also known as activity tracker) is an electronic device fitted with a wide assortment of specialized sensors that measure anything from heart rate to the quality of sleep, distance walked, body and ambient temperature, elevation, acceleration, speed, position, or calorie consumption. We can expect that future fitness trackers will be FDA-approved devices capable of alerting users to medical problems and suggesting the best possible remedy or action to take.

Integrated sensors collect various information, which are then both processed locally to display results on the device itself and sent to the cloud in order to allow for multi-platform access and management. This is exactly where the biggest problem is: most users are not aware of how their data are being used, who exactly can access them, and how they could be used for identity theft in case it falls into the wrong hands.

This is not surprising at all. With the average terms of service agreement nearing 5,000 words, the temptation to skip all that hassle and just click on the “agree” button is very high. However, when customers do so, they unknowingly give access to their private data to third-party companies, as discovered by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in 2014. The commission reported that a sample of a dozen health and fitness apps collectively sent data to 76 third parties. What exactly can those third-party companies do with users’ data is only between them and the manufacturer of the particular fitness tracking device.

To outline some of the contemporary data handling issues in this industry segment, Open Effect, a Canadian not-for-profit that conducts research and advocacy efforts focused on ensuring people’s personal data is treated securely and accountably, create a report called Every Step You Take.

They studied some of the most popular fitness tracking applications in the Google Play store as of mid-2015 and asked the following questions: What technical security mechanisms are in place? How could they be exploited? What categories of data does each device actually collect?

All device except for one transmitted their data over the internet. In some cases, this included sensitive and unnecessary information such as the IMEI number or fine-grained location data. Out of all devices, only the Apple Watch randomized the MAC address as a protective measure against persistent monitoring of the wearer’s presence. What’s much more alarming than the absence of the MAC address randomization is Garmin’s failure to implement HTTPS encryption to secure the transmission of personal information. The company has since then corrected this flaw, but nobody can know for sure how many other devices on the market remain similarly defenseless against even the most basic types of attacks.

As explained by Theresa Payton, president and CEO of Fortalice and a former White House CIO, “The culprit is the innovation life cycle. There is tremendous pressure to get cool and affordable products on the market at a dizzying speed.” She went on to say that wearables and associated apps “have a track record of poor privacy and security measures.”

A good news is that substantial effort has been and is being made to protect the privacy and security of end-users. The IEEE Center for Secure Design released a paper titled, “WearFit: Security Design Analysis of a Wearable Fitness Tracker,” to “addresses each of the top 10 software security design flaws” of fitness trackers and show developers of these devices how to design a product that meets all modern security standards.

Their WearFit system is an imaginary wearable personal health monitoring device that resembles many currently available products. The device can measure step count and heart rate and sends the data to a compatible mobile application, which then communicates with the platform backend. Many common attack vectors were taken into consideration, including Denial of Service (DoS), falsifying the users’ data, stealing users’ data via SQL injection or phishing, and, for example, compromising device integrity with malicious firmware updates.

It’s hard to predict what future holds for fitness trackers. As customers are becoming increasingly more conscious of their privacy and security, companies will have to ensure that their products are free of any vulnerabilities that could lead to a data leakage or a loss of sensitive information. Customers themselves should demand a high level of transparency when it comes to how exactly their data are handled and used. Only then we’ll be able to embrace all latest technological innovations and used them to improve our daily lives.

The Internet of Things and the (R)Evolution of Manufacturing

Written by Brooks Canavesi on . Posted in Mobile App Development, Software & App Sales, Technology trends

Manufacturing is about to undergo a transformation that could have similar consequences as the Industrial Revolution, which took place from the 18th to 19th centuries and completely changed the face of, up to that time, rural Europe and America. That’s because the Internet of Things and smart manufacturing can create the perfect decision-making environment and help companies of all sizes optimize all aspects of their operations and maximize their revenue, as illustrated by King’s Hawaiian, producers of frozen entrees in a bowl as well as Hawaiian bread. The company managed to put out extra 180,000 pounds of bread every day, thus effectively doubling their previous production, as reported by Forbes.

The same story of success can also be told by General Electric. More than 10,000 sensors on their Durathon battery factory in Schenectady provides the company with non-stop stream of data. Using cutting-edge statistical approaches and Big Data analysis, General Electric can get an instant overview of their entire production and tweak it as they see fit. According to Industry Week, the Siemens’ electronics manufacturing plant in Amberg, Germany uses around 1,000 controllers to handle up to 75 percent of the value chain autonomously.

Given these fascinating examples, it may come as a surprise that “only 10 percent of industrial operations are currently using the connected enterprise,” according to John Nesi, vice president of market development at Rockwell Automation. What’s more, apparently, one in five factories today are completely cut off from the Internet, as discovered by SCM World’s recent survey.

However, this number is expected to drop to near zero in just the next five years, resulting in almost 50 billion connected endpoints. It won’t take a long time before every single instrument, machine, and part is aware of all other parts around it.

Benefits and Disadvantages of Hybrid Mobile Applications

Written by Brooks Canavesi on . Posted in Mobile App Development, Software & App Sales, Technology trends, Uncategorized

Mobile marketing has become one the most important, if not the most important, parts of just about any marketing strategy. People rely on their mobile devices for just about any activity imaginable and any company that is not a part of this global trend seems to be out of touch. Traditionally, there were two main ways how to establish a mobile presence: one was to create a fully native application written in a programming language used by the targeted platform, and the other was to stick with a regular website and give up upon the native feel and look. However, now, in 2016, we have reached the point where more than 50 percent of mobile applications should be hybrid, according to Gartner’s 2013 mobile and wireless predictions.

With the imminent market domination of hybrid applications ahead of us, now is a great time to look at their benefits to see what exactly is behind their popularity. We, also, won’t avoid mentioning their main negatives, in order to get a clear, comprehensive picture of their role in the mobile market.

What are Hybrid Mobile Applications?

Let’s start with a brief background: native applications are built using a platform-specific programming language (Objective-C for iOS and Java for Android) and can use all native functionality of mobile devices and mobile operating systems, including the use of GPS, access to the filesystem, or common user interface elements. As a result, they usually have a consistent user experience, offer great performance, and are tied to just a single environment they were developed for.

One could say that hybrid applications actually have more in common with web apps than native apps. The reason is that they are actually just web apps wrapped in a native web view displayed via the smartphone’s native browser. What makes them so special is the particular framework using which they are built. This framework allows for an easy use native functions of each mobile platform using cross-platform APIs. Frameworks like Cordova require nothing more than a knowledge of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, tools which are very familiar to all web developers.

Main Benefits of Hybrid Mobile Apps

With the introduction behind us, it’s time to take a closer look at some of the main benefits of hybrid mobile apps. We are not trying to include every single positive aspect of hybrid apps; instead, we are focusing solely on their advantage over native and web applications.

Unified Development

By far the single biggest benefit that hybrid mobile apps can offer is the unified development. Companies can save a substantial amount of money that would otherwise have to be spent on developing and maintaining separate code bases for different mobile platforms. They can develop just a single version and let their hybrid framework of choice do the heavy lifting and ensure that everything will work flawlessly.

This, of course, directly leads to lower cost of development and, potentially, greater revenue. Many small businesses wouldn’t be able to afford to target all major mobile platforms, if there wasn’t the option to do so with a hybrid framework.

Fast Deployment

The Minimum Viable Product (MVP) approach necessitates the fast deployment of functional solutions in order to be the first to penetrate the market and gain a substantial competitive advantage. Those who need to have their app in the App Store as fast as possible should seriously consider using hybrid applications.

Low-Level Access

Basic web applications are cut off from smartphones’ operating systems and built-in functionality. Even though they are getting smarter every day, they still don’t come anywhere near native applications. Hybrid applications elegantly bridge the gap between the two other approaches and provide all the extra functionality with very little overhead. As a result, developers can realize the much wider range of ideas and capture the attention of their target audience.

Offline Support

Web applications are critically limited by their lack of offline support. This may seem like a less important issue for people who live in urban areas, where the access to high-speed Internet access is ubiquitous, but potential customers from rural areas and less developed countries could be cut off from access to the application. At the end of the day, one customer survey showed that 79 percent of consumers would retry a mobile app only once or twice if it failed to work the first time, and only 16 percent of consumers would give it more than two attempts. Local storage can also dramatically enhance the overall user experience by storing personal information and preferences for later use.

Scaling

Hybrid applications are limited only by the underlying framework. Companies who partner with a good provider can instantly target all major platforms without any additional effort at all. It the platform is popular enough, it can be expected that it will quickly add support for any new mobile operating systems and their respective incremental updates.

Main Disadvantages of Hybrid Mobile Apps

It would be unfair to ignore the main disadvantages of hybrid applications and paint an unrealistic picture that doesn’t tell the whole story. Because as much as hybrid apps can help small and medium sized business reach wide audiences, they are also limited in several critical ways.

Performance

Hybrid apps add an extra layer between the source code and the target mobile platform: the particular hybrid mobile framework, such as Ionic, Cordova, Onsen, Kendo, and many others. The unsurprising result is a possible loss of performance. It really varies from application to application just how noticeable the difference can be, but the fact that Facebook migrated their mobile application from HTML5 to native shows that there really can be a significant difference, at least for large-scale applications. Mark Zuckerberg even went on to say that “The biggest mistake we’ve made as a company is betting on HTML5 over native.”

After all, 84 percent of users consider performance to be an important or very important factor, according to A Global Study of Consumers’ Expectations and Experiences of Mobile Applications by Dynatrace, an American application performance management (APM) software company with products aimed at the information technology departments and digital business owners of medium and large businesses.

Debugging

That extra layer also makes debugging a potential nightmare. Developers have to rely on the framework itself to play nicely with the targeted operating system and not introduce any new bugs. Since developers are not likely to have a deep knowledge of the targeted platform, figuring out the exact cause of an issue can be a lengthy affair.

Features

It’s hard to believe that the first iPhone was released just in 2007. We have come a such a long way since then, and the mobile industry is showing no signs of slowing down. Mobile operating systems keep evolving at much faster pace than their desktop counterparts, and many people now use smartphones and tablets as their primary computing devices.

Companies who want to stand at the very apex of progress and use all the latest and greatest features and hardware capabilities are probably going to experience difficulties trying to achieve their goals using hybrid frameworks. It can take quite a bit of time before new features are implemented by providers of these providers of these frameworks.

Conclusion

Hybrid mobile applications have their place in every situation where fast development is the main priority or where the high cost of targeting each platform with an individual native application would be downright prohibitive. Big players and companies who need to stay on top of the latest development are not likely to sacrifice performance and control. However, it may be just a matter of time before hybrid application frameworks reach such a high level of maturity that all previously mentioned negatives will simply disappear.

Enterprise Mobility in the Cloud Era

Written by Brooks Canavesi on . Posted in Mobile App Development, Software & App Sales, Technology trends

Mobile devices and their use for business and personal purposes have transformed our lives and changed the way we work. Companies that allow employees to bring their own devices to workplace have first-hand seen many advantages of this approach to personal computing, but they also have noticed a handful of potentially serious issues. In this article, we are considering the current state of enterprise mobility, and what kind of transformation it will have to undergo to successfully enter the cloud era.

As described by Tech Target in their extensive handbook on mobile application management, work habits are shifting, as more employees work from home using their own devices and the power of the Internet. Indeed, one in every five people are estimated to work from home at least one day a week, and the total share of remote workers could reach 63 percent by the end of the year 2018.

That’s because telecommuters are, again and again, shown to be able to accomplish more in less time and greatly decrease the total overhead cost. A great example is when Washington accidentally saved approximately $32 million during 4 official snow days, which forced federal employees to work from home.

But it’s not all about cost and effectiveness, either. One of the main reasons why employees themselves prefer to avoid office environments is the much lower stress level, according to a study by PGI, the global leader in web conferencing and collaboration technology. Employees who are not dreading their daily trip to work are 69 percent less likely to avoid work, they feel more connected with their work and colleagues, and can feel good about their positive impact on the environment.

With such amazing benefits to enterprise mobility, it’s paramount that businesses manage to overcome all current problems and allow customers and employees to seamlessly interact with the company using their own devices. Cloudbook suggests that “As 70% of the North American workforce is now mobile, cloud-based environments require a transparent mobile policy management strategy.”

Currently, most employees who are allowed to work remotely use a mixed approach, which combines company-provided tools and technologies with employees’ own infrastructure and habits. For example, an employee can use pre-configured remote desktop application to connect to his work computer, download company files on his or her own hard drive, transfer these files onto an USB flash drive, conduct the actual work from a desktop computer, where it is automatically backed up to the employee’s personal cloud storage solution, such as Dropbox or Google Drive.

Not only is the company put into a vulnerable position in terms of privacy and data security, but they also rely on the employee’s technical ability to navigate the vast jungle of technological solutions. Enterprises will need to go beyond the now traditional “mobile first” approach, and conduct a deep assortment of users’ needs, while placing the highest priority on data protection and security.

Several possible solutions already exist and include the use of virtual mobile infrastructure (VMI) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) providers. The goal is always the same: to run all applications remotely and store their data in a remote data center, rather than on computers and mobile devices of individual employees.

Companies can greatly decrease their informational technology spending by using pre-built tools as the foundation upon which they can expand and create their own custom-built tools and solutions. These can benefit from integrated monitoring and statistics gathering services to allow for Big Data analysis and subsequent optimization of all internal processes.

What’s more, with everything neatly stored under one roof, access control can be easily managed by a very small team of skilled support staff members, and employees can enjoy a much greater level of protection against their own mistakes, which could otherwise lead to security breaches and costly data leaks.

Given that the latest IDC report  indicates that mobile technology spending is likely to reach $1.2 trillion by 2019, we can expect to see a profound transformation in a very short period of time. Entire company networks are likely to migrate to the cloud, and employees will be given a tightly restricted access to a consistent set of platform-independent tools and applications to do their job.

The obvious winners are third-party companies like my firm OpenArc who specialize in providing and managing the necessary infrastructure and platforms. However, progressive businesses can also expect a great return their investment and high employee satisfaction and productivity.